Scoliosis is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine, often resembling the shape of an "S" or "C". This condition can affect people of all ages, but it is most commonly detected during childhood or adolescence. If left untreated, scoliosis can lead to discomfort, pain, and in severe cases, it may interfere with respiratory function. Proper diagnosis and treatment are essential to manage and prevent complications.

What is Scoliosis?

Scoliosis occurs when the spine curves to the side, deviating from its natural alignment. The condition can vary in severity, ranging from mild curves that may not require intervention to more severe cases that necessitate treatment.

 Typically, scoliosis is classified into different types based on its cause:

• Congenital scoliosis (present at birth)
• Neuromuscular scoliosis (associated with neurological conditions like Cerebral Palsy)
• Adolescence idiopathic scoliosis (seen in 10 to 18 years of age with no known cause)

 Understanding the type and degree of curvature is critical in determining the appropriate treatment plan.

 How to Identify Scoliosis?

 Identifying scoliosis early is crucial for successful management. Common symptoms include:

• Uneven shoulders or hips
• A visible curve in the spine
• Rib prominence or a protruding shoulder blade
• Back pain or discomfort
• Difficulty in maintaining proper posture 

Routine screenings can also help detect scoliosis early.

 How to Segregate Scoliosis Cases?

 Scoliosis cases can be segregated based on the curve's location and severity:

• Curve which doesn't require any intervention: Less than 20° (usually requires observation)
• Curve which requires bracing: 20°-45°
• Curve which requires surgical intervention: Over 50°
• Curve that are severe cases and requires immediate attention - Over 80°

 Causes of Scoliosis

While some causes of scoliosis are identifiable, such as congenital spine malformations or neuromuscular conditions like cerebral palsy, the most common type, idiopathic scoliosis, has no known cause. Research suggests that genetics may play a role in its development.

 Other potential factors include:

•  Birth defects affecting spine development ( Can be seen in 3 to 10 years of age)
• Injuries or infections affecting the spine
• Degenerative conditions in older adults (Over 50 of age)

 Treatment for Scoliosis

 The treatment for scoliosis depends on the severity of the curve and the patient’s overall health.

•  Observation: For mild cases where the curve is not progressing rapidly, regular monitoring may suffice.
• Bracing: Recommended for moderate scoliosis, particularly in growing children and adolescents, to prevent further curvature.
• Physical Therapy: Helps improve posture and reduce discomfort in mild cases.
• Scoliosis Surgery: For severe cases, spinal fusion surgery may be necessary to correct the curve and stabilize the spine.

Scoliosis Treatment at Sarvodaya Hospital, Faridabad

Scoliosis surgery is tailored according to the patient’s age and condition. For children, pedicle screw fixation is typically performed to correct the spinal curvature. However, in older adults, minimally invasive OLIF surgery is preferred due to the risks associated with open surgery, such as significant blood loss, which can be dangerous at an advanced age. OLIF offers a safer alternative, as the surgeon does not touch the spine or the vital nerves around it, reducing complications and recovery time.

OLIF is a minimally invasive technique where the surgeon accesses the spine through a small incision from the side, avoiding major muscles and structures. This method significantly reduces recovery time, lowers the risk of infection, and causes less post-operative discomfort.

OLIF is particularly beneficial for elderly patients, as it minimizes trauma to the body, preserves muscle function, and promotes faster recovery, making it a safer option for those with age-related concerns such as decreased healing capacity or pre-existing health conditions. The reduced recovery period and fewer complications make OLIF a preferred choice for seniors requiring scoliosis correction. 

At Sarvodaya Hospital, Sec 8, Faridabad scoliosis treatment is led by Dr. Ashish Tomar, a renowned spine surgeon specializing in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgeries and Spinal Deformity Correction. Dr. Tomar has extensive expertise, having performed North India's first OLIF L5-S1 surgery and Faridabad’s first OLIF, ALIF, and scoliosis surgeries. His patient-centric approach and proficiency in cutting-edge techniques ensure quicker recovery and better outcomes for scoliosis patients.

Sarvodaya is one of the largest centers globally offering such advanced scoliosis surgeries. These procedures are routinely performed at the hospital, managing even the most severe degrees of spinal curvature with high success rates.